Pulse oximetry is a widely used method for monitoring arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2) in clinical settings, and it has recently begun to be used in neonatal resuscitation. Here, we review the application and significance of pulse oximetry in neonatal clinical resuscitation and in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
The SpO2 pulse oximeter is designed based on the light absorption characteristics of hemoglobin (Hb). The basic principle is that oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin absorb light at two different wavelengths: the former absorbs visible red light (wavelength at 660nm), while the latter absorbs infrared light (wavelength mainly at 940nm or 905nm). Due to the varying volume of peripheral blood vessels with each arterial pulse, the amount of light absorption also changes. The SpO2 pulse oximeter irradiates and detects tissues with pulsatile blood flow, such as the finger or earlobe, using red and infrared light simultaneously. By applying spectrophotometry and determining the ratio of infrared to red light absorption, it establishes the oxygenation level of the blood and calculates the SpO2 value.
The SpO2 pulse oximeter mainly consists of three components: a photoelectric sensor, a host, and a display part. During use, the photoelectric sensor is placed flat on a well-perfused area, typically the palm and back of the hand or the back and sole of the foot in newborns. It shouldn't be fixed with pressure to avoid affecting the values and waveform. The cable is connected to the monitor, the waveform intensity is assessed, appropriate SpO2 alarm limits are set, and SpO2 connector can be recorded as needed. The SpO2 pulse oximeter is small, lightweight, and easy to connect and use quickly without requiring special skills.
Apnea and hypoxia are primary causes of neonatal mortality and neurological sequelae. Therefore, understanding the oxygenation status of the blood during neonatal resuscitation is extremely important. Traditionally, the Apgar score and heel or scalp blood gas analysis have been used to determine if a newborn is hypoxic. The former relies heavily on the clinician's experience and is highly subjective with poor accuracy; the latter, while accurate, is invasive, time-consuming, and demands high technical and equipment standards. Pulse oximetry monitoring is non-invasive and convenient, providing continuous, real-time reflection of arterial oxygen changes. Its main applications include:
Immediate Assessment of Hypoxia and Asphyxia Risk
Pulse oximetry monitoring can quickly and accurately reflect the oxygenation level within the newborn, helping healthcare personnel promptly evaluate whether the newborn is experiencing hypoxia or asphyxia. This provides critical information for emergency treatment and reduces the risk of irreversible damage due to delayed diagnosis.
Precise Adjustment of Oxygen Concentration
By continuously monitoring pulse oximetry, healthcare personnel can precisely adjust the oxygen concentration based on real-time data, avoiding side effects such as retinopathy caused by excessive oxygenation. It also ensures the newborn receives adequate oxygen support, promoting recovery and achieving personalized treatment.
Effective Evaluation of Resuscitation Effectiveness and Guidance for Ventilator Weaning
During neonatal resuscitation, pulse oximetry is a crucial indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of resuscitation measures. It provides continuous feedback on the effectiveness of resuscitation, enabling doctors to adjust treatment strategies timely. Additionally, when the newborn's condition stabilizes and oxygen saturation is maintained within a safe range, this monitoring can assist in determining when it is safe to wean off the ventilator, reducing unnecessary medical interventions.
High Accuracy: Excellent materials, advanced and rigorous production technology make accurate readings.
Various Models: compatible with different monitors; meet various demands.
Comfortable Materials: Soft materials ensure the comfort of neonatal patients during long time monitoring.
Easy to Clean: APK Sensor's smooth and seamless design ensures it is easier to clean and safer to use.
Complete Certificates: Complete certificates and competitive price help removing the barriers of market access.
Safe and Stable: Super long service life, strong anti-interference ability, more safety and stability.
Whether you have a question about APK Tech products or anything else, we're here to help and ready to answer your questions.
Whether you have a question about APK Tech products or anything else, we're here to help and ready to answer your questions.
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